The literal meaning of adhan is to warn, to inform and to announce. In the term of Shari'ah, adhan refers to the specific words by which people are informed that it is time for Namaz. It is called calling.
Calling the Adhan for the five obligatory prayers and the Friday prayer is Sunnah Muqada. Apart from these, the call to prayer is not permissible for any other prayer such as Eid prayer, Istiqa prayer, eclipse prayer and other prayers.
The muezzin performs this duty for obligatory prayers 5 times a day. The call to prayer given before prayer is called Iqamah.
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Virtues of Adhan:
The prayer recited after the Adhan is mentioned in all the authentic and reliable books of Hadith. In 'Sahih Bukhari', 'Jami Tirmidhi' and other books of hadith, the tradition about the prayer recited after the call to prayer has been recorded as follows:
It was narrated on the authority of Hazrat Jabir bin Abdullah that the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, said: Whoever hears the call to prayer and makes this supplication: (O Allah! The Lord of this perfect invitation and established prayer! Muhammad Grant the means and virtue to Mustafa (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) and send him to the position of Mahmud. "
In Sahih Muslim and some other hadith books, this blessed hadith has been narrated about the prayer recited after the adhan: He said: When you hear the muezzin giving the adhan, say it the way he says it. Then bless me. So, whoever sends blessings on me once, Allah will shower ten blessings on him. Then seek a resource from Allah Ta'ala, indeed, a resource is a destination in Paradise that only one of the servants of Allah Ta'ala will attain, and I hope that it will be in the servant. So whoever asked for this resource for me, my intercession became obligatory for him.
Hisham bin Ibrahim once complained to Imam Abu al-Hasan Reza (peace be upon him) about his illness and that he was not having any children, so he ordered him to call out the adhan loudly in his house. According to the narrator, I did this, so Allah removed my pain and I had many children.
It is narrated by Muhammad bin Rashid that I was always sick and some of my servants and my family members were not free from the disease and it got to the point that I was left alone and there was no one to serve me but When I heard this from Hisham, I also followed it and Allah Almighty removed all the diseases of me and my family.
Azan method and rules:
Adhan should be given steadily and loudly. After each word, the muezzin should pause long enough for the listener to respond by repeating the same word.
When the adhan is called, the muezzin should turn to Qiblah.
The muezzin should put both his index fingers in his ears while giving the adhan. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said that the voice will be raised in this way.
When the muezzin says حَيَّ عَلَى الصَّلَاةِ ( Hayya 'alas-salah ) he should turn his face to the right and when he says َحَيَّ عَلَى الْفَلَاحِ ( Hayya 'alal-falah ) he should turn his face to the left.
In addition to the words of the adhan, in the adhan of Fajr, after Haiyy ali al-Falah ٱلصَّلَاةُ خَيْرٌ مِنَ ٱلنَّوْمِ ( Assalatu khairum minan naum ) means , Namaz is better than sleep is added.
It is mustahabb for the muezzin to perform ablution while calling the adhan. If the Adhan is said without ablution, it is permissible.
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The words of the call to prayer
اَللّٰهُ أَكْبَرُ، اَللّٰهُ أَكْبَرُ، ( Allahu Akbar, Allahu Akbar )
God is great God is great,
اَللّٰهُ أَكْبَرُ، اَللّٰهُ أَكْبَرُ، ( Allahu Akbar, Allahu Akbar )
God is great God is great,
أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَّا إلٰهَ إلَّا اللّٰهُ، ( Ashhadu alla ilaha illallah )
I bear witness that there is no god but Allah,
أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَّا إلٰهَ إلَّا اللّٰهُ، ( Ashhadu alla ilaha illallah )
I bear witness that there is no god but Allah,
أَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَّسُولُ اللّٰهِ، ( Ashhadu anna Muhammadan Rasulullah )
I bear witness that Muhammad is the Messenger of God,
أَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَّسُولُ اللّٰهِ، ( Ashhadu anna Muhammadan Rasulullah )
I bear witness that Muhammad is the Messenger of God,
حَيَّ عَلَى الصَّلَاةِ، حَيَّ عَلَى الصَّلَاةِ، ( Hayya 'alas-salah )
Come to Namaz Come to Namaz,
حَيَّ عَلَى الْفَلَاحِ، حَيَّ عَلَى الْفَلَاحِ، ( Hayya 'alal-falah )
Come to Namaz Come to Namaz,
اَللّٰهُ أَكْبَرُ، اَللّٰهُ أَكْبَرُ، ( Allahu Akbar, Allahu Akbar )
God is great God is great,
لَا إلٰهَ إلَّا اللّٰهُ. ( La ilaha illallah )
No God except Allah.
Dua after Azan (Adhan)
Dua after Azan is called Dua Wasila, before this Dua, you must recite Durood Sharif.
اَللّھُمَّ رَبَّ ھٰذِہٖ الدَّعوَۃِ التَّامَّۃِ وَ الصَّلوٰۃِ القَائِمَۃِ اٰتِ سَیِّدَنَا مُحَمَّدَن الوَسِیلَۃَ وَالفَضِیلَۃَ وَالدَّرَجَۃَ الرَّفِیعَۃَ وَابعَثہُ مَقَامًا مَّحمُودَنِ الَّذِی وَعَدتَّہُ وَارزُقنَا شَفَاعَتَہُ یَومَ القِیَامَۃِ انَّکَ لَا تُخلِفُ المِیعَادَ
O Lord of perfect invitation and obligatory Namaz , grant our leader Muhammad (peace be upon him) the position of wealth, virtue and high status and grant him the position of higest rank that You have promised him. And bless us with their intercession on the Day of Resurrection. Indeed, he does not go against his promise.
